These water sources are special. If used properly, they can make water "regenerate"!

When it comes to water sources, the first thing that comes to mind is a rushing river, a trickling mountain spring, or a tranquil lake? Today I want to share with you an unusual water source - unconventional water.

Unconventional water sources are different from traditional surface water and groundwater sources. They refer to special water sources that have been treated or can be used under certain conditions. There are five main types of unconventional water sources: recycled water, rainwater collection, desalinated seawater, brackish water and mine water.

The first thing to be introduced is recycled water, which is the most widely used unconventional water source. It is water that can be used for beneficial purposes after sewage treatment plants treat sewage to a certain water quality standard. Recycled water has the advantages of stable water source and controllable treatment cost, so it is recognized as the "second water source for cities". The scope of utilization of recycled water is very wide, such as river and lake water replenishment, industrial production, and urban miscellaneous use. At present, my country has announced the classification standards for recycled water, clarified the water quality index requirements for different uses, and laid a good foundation for the conventional use of recycled water.

The second type is rainwater collection, which is also a common unconventional water source. Engineering facilities are used to collect, store and regulate rainwater for use. In the process of building sponge cities in my country, the means of rainwater collection and utilization have gradually matured. Rainwater collection can not only alleviate the pressure of urban drainage during heavy rains, but also reduce the city's water demand, which can be said to be "killing two birds with one stone". At present, the commonly used rainwater collection channels in cities are: roof rainwater, road rainwater and rainwater gardens. After collection, most of them are used for green irrigation nearby.

The third type is desalinated seawater, which is common in coastal areas. It uses seawater desalination technology to produce fresh water, which can achieve fresh water source increase. In Middle Eastern countries and some island areas, desalinated seawater has become the main water source. At present, the mainstream technologies in the field of seawater desalination are thermal methods using the principle of water vapor condensation and membrane methods using reverse osmosis technology. my country's desalinated seawater is mainly used in high-water-consuming industrial industries in coastal areas, such as thermal power generation, petrochemicals, steel, etc.

The fourth type is brackish water, which usually appears in areas where the surface soil is salinized. The groundwater and surface water in these areas are mostly brackish water. my country's brackish water resources are mainly concentrated in the northwest and north China regions where fresh water resources are scarce. After treatment, it can be used for production and life.

The last category is mine water, which is a by-product of mineral resource mining and often contains suspended matter, organic pollutants, etc. Therefore, scientific treatment and rational use of mine water as unconventional water can not only reduce the pollution caused by disorderly discharge of mine water, but also alleviate the water shortage problem faced by coal development in my country's mining areas.

Today, when water resources are becoming increasingly scarce, we must cherish every drop of water and make extraordinary water sources become more and more common in our daily lives. Let us work together to protect this blue source of life.